TIP2k: the new Titration-Injection microPump.

• From step titration to ramp injection: Uncoupling by FCCP with TIP2k. MiPNet04.05 [download pdf 305 kb; 2010-08-11].
• TIP2k - Manual. MiPNet12.10
• See also: Notes on Uncoupler Titrations.

As an alternative to traditional step titration, the TIP2k offers the new option of ramp injection, providing maximum resolution of the concentration dependence of oxygen flux.

The TIP2k can be programmed for multiple titrations and continuous injections. In particular, as an alternative to traditional step titration, the TIP offers the new option of ramp injection, which is illustrated by the recording of cellular respiratory flux as a function of a continuous increase of uncoupler (FCCP) concentration. 

Full control of the TIP2k and integration with the OROBOROS Oxygraph-2k by the software DatLab 4.

• Purchase information

Programmable, automatic titration regimes, with titration volumes of 0.05 to 250 µl, variable titration intervals and duration of titration pulses.

• TIP2k feedback control for instrumental background. MiPNet14.06.

• Steady-state injection: Operation at quasi steady-states by continuous injection of substrates at limiting rates of consumption, providing new flexibility in experimental design by combining the technical advantages of closed and open systems. Programmable injection flows: 0.01 to 25 µl.s-1.
• Ramp injection (MiPNet04.05, see above): Ramp increase of effector concentrations by "continuous titration".
• DatLab software for feedback control by the the TIP2k: for steady-state respirometry at selected oxygen levels and pH-stat applications.

• Gnaiger E, Méndez G, Hand SC (2000) High phosphorylation efficiency and depression of uncoupled respiration in mitochondria under hypoxia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 11080-11085.
• Gnaiger E (2001) Bioenergetics at low oxygen: dependence of respiration and phosphorylation on oxygen and adenosine diphosphate supply. Respir. Physiol. 128: 277-297.
• Garedew A, Hütter E, Haffner B, Gradl P, Gradl L, Jansen-Dürr P, Gnaiger E (2005) High-resolution respirometry for the study of mitochondrial function in health and disease. The OROBOROS Oxygraph-2k. Proc. 11th Congress Eur. Shock Soc. Vienna, Austria (Redl H, ed), Medimond Internat. Proc., Bologna: 107-111.